However, its contribution to the achievement of global develop-ment goals is still incipient. Submitted for possible open access publication under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ().Ībstract: Nuclear science and technology (NST) offers a multitude of applications and tools and has a high level of regulation. Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and insti-tutional affiliations.Ĭopyright: © 2022 by the authors. Land, Water, and Climate Issues in Large and Megacities under the Lens of Nuclear Science: An Approach for Achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG11). José Oscar William Vega Bustillos 5, Rodrigo Antonio Braga Moraes Victor 6, Marcelo Gomes Sodré 2,7 and Delvonei Alves de Andrade 1ġ Nuclear Engineering Center, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares-IPEN-CNEN, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil (E.A.R.) (D.A.d.A.)Ģ Coordination, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais IPA, São Paulo 05459-900, Brazil Master Program in Health Promotion, Centro Universitário Adventista de São Paulo (UNASP), São Paulo 05890-020, BrazilĤ Master Program in Geoenvironmental Analysis, Universidade de Guarulhos (MAG/UNG), Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazilĥ Center for Chemistry and Environment, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares-IPEN-CNEN, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil (A.R.d.C.) (J.O.W.V.B.)Ħ Fundação Florestal, São Paulo 05459-010, Brazil School of Law, Department of Diffuse Rights and International Relations, Pontifícia Universidade Ca-tólica de São Paulo, São Paulo 05014-901, Brazilįerreira, M.L. Land, Water, and Climate Issues in Large and Megacities under the Lens of Nuclear Science: An Approach for Achieving Sus-tainable Development Goal (SDG11)Įlaine Aparecida Rodrigues 1,2, Maurício Lamano Ferreira 3,4,*, Amanda Rodrigues de Carvalho 5, Keywords: biological mutagen, biotechnology, chemical mutagens, mutation breeding, physical mutagens, plant breeding Originality/Value: The study provides a comprehensive review on current knowledge of different mutation breeding approaches and mutagenic agents. For further development of mutation breeding, certain rules and regulations enacted worldwide must be addressed once more. These approaches accompanied by state-of-the-art biotechnology has provided more effective, efficient, and robust results. Recent advances in science have opened up new paths of mutation breeding approaches. On the contrary, mutagens have provided the solution to a slow mutation rate by inducing mutations at much faster rates. To prepare a comprehensive article, the author reviewed selected available published information onĮxperimental mutagenesis running back to the 20th century.įindings: In nature, mutations happen at a much slower rate hindering the scientists’ efforts of crop improvement. Research Method: The review focused on both conventional and novel techniques of mutation breeding. The present study was carried out to review the different approaches and mutagenic agents of plant mutation breeding. Among several methods of plant breeding, mutation breeding has shown remarkable success in crop improvement at a much faster rate than traditional breeding. It is concluded that the capacity of alkyl-transferases to successfully repair DNA lesions up to certain dose levels contributes to genotoxicity thresholds.Īmes test DNA repair PROAST dose-response relationship.Purpose: Plant breeding plays a significantly important role in ensuring global food security. ![]() In the absence of Ogt, Ada is predominantly repairing methylations but not ethylations. ![]() These dose-response curves suggest efficient DNA-repair for lesions inflicted by all agents in strain TA1535. Dose-response curves were statistically fitted by the PROAST benchmark dose model and the Lutz-Lutz "hockeystick" model. The known genotoxins EMS, MMS, temozolomide (TMZ), ethylnitrosourea (ENU) and methylnitrosourea (MNU) were tested in as many as 22 concentration levels. To this end, we assessed several mutagenic alkylators in the Ames test with four different strains of Salmonella typhimurium: the alkyl transferases proficient strain TA1535 (Ogt+/Ada+), as well as the alkyl transferases deficient strains YG7100 (Ogt+/Ada-), YG7104 (Ogt-/Ada+) and YG7108 (Ogt-/Ada-). DNA repair seems to be mainly responsible for these thresholds. Mutagenic and clastogenic effects of some DNA damaging agents such as methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) have been demonstrated to exhibit a nonlinear or even "thresholded" dose-response in vitro and in vivo.
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